I agree that using Kafka is promising (we have an open source Kafka connector for Db2 Event Store that we’re working on and will be published in a couple of weeks) but it may not be enough on its own for many use cases. I’d be interested to learn more about why you find HTAP solutions to be more resource intensive and costly as you scale up to larger numbers of users. Feel free to reach out directly or we can continue the conversation here.